abstract：:The synthesis of the NMDA receptor glycine site antagonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) from exogenously added kynurenine was measured in cultured cerebral cortical neurons, cortical astrocytes and an oligodendroglial cell line OLN-93, incubated for 2 h in the presence or absence of ammonium acetate ("ammonia") at 0.1-10 mM ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Wejksza K,Rzeski W,Turski WA,Hilgier W,Dybel A,Albrecht J

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although synergism between pesticides has been widely documented, the physiological mechanisms by which an insecticide synergizes another remains unclear. Toxicological and electrophysiological studies were carried out on two susceptible pest species (the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus and the cockroach Periplaneta a...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Corbel V,Stankiewicz M,Bonnet J,Grolleau F,Hougard JM,Lapied B

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroimaging such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) have been used in the last decade for investigating the neurotoxicolgy of manganese (Mn). Increased signal intensities on a T1-weighted image may reflect increased Mn deposi...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Kim Y

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study was aimed to characterize for the first time the alterations in the characteristic neuro-inflammatory markers triggered by sarin exposure in the rat's brain, and to investigate its dependency on seizure duration. Centrally mediated seizures are a common consequence of exposure to organophosphates (OP...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Chapman S,Kadar T,Gilat E

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead (Pb) continues to be a significant environmental toxin and remains an integral part of many industrial processes, hobbies, and tobacco smoke. Pb has been shown to be a potent toxin to the CNS and low levels of Pb (below the CDC established toxic blood level of 10 microg/dl) have been correlated with decreases in ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Lurie DI,Brooks DM,Gray LC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphine is recommended by WHO as the analgesic of choice for effective treatment of moderate to severe cancer pain . Indeed spinally administered morphine at small doses injected intrathecally (i.t.) or intracerebroventricularly into animals produces a profound antinociception at both spinal and supraspinal sites. Co...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Sakurada T,Komatsu T,Sakurada S

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the large body of experimental evidence demonstrating the neuroprotective properties of 17beta-estradiol (17beta-E2) both in vitro and in vivo experimental models of neuronal injury, the exact mechanisms implicated in neuroprotection have not been fully delineated. Some experimental evidence highlight a role f...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Russo R,Navarra M,Maiuolo J,Rotiroti D,Bagetta G,Corasaniti MT

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomonitoring programs, such as those being conducted at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in conjunction with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), are of benefit to all disciplines of environmental public health. However, all programs have limitations, and like most things in sc...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Needham LL,Barr DB,Calafat AM

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; the active metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine)) depletes dopamine (DA) content and elicits cell death in PC12 cells. However, the mechanism of MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity is still unclear. In this study, the dose response and time-cours...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Xu Z,Cawthon D,McCastlain KA,Duhart HM,Newport GD,Fang H,Patterson TA,Slikker W Jr,Ali SF

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead is one of the most common metals in contaminated ecosystems. Although lead poisoning and mortality have long been known, little is known of the neurobehavioral effects produced by low levels of lead in wild animals. Herein we describe the neurobehavioral effects of lead on learning using herring gulls (Larus arge...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Burger J,Gochfeld M

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the neurotoxicology pediatric domain, few neuromotor tests are specifically designed to be sensitive enough for the early detection of subtle deficits in voluntary and involuntary movements. In research and clinical domains, an effort is done to objectify or quantify the qualitative aspects of a movement (pattern o...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Després C,Richer F,Roberge MC,Lamoureux D,Beuter A

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to anesthetic gases is known to alter certain structures and functions of the central nervous system. As the effects of long-term exposure on balance control mechanisms have been the subject of few investigations, these were evaluated in 53 operating room personnel exposed to anesthetic gases and in 53 non-ex...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Vouriot A,Gauchard GC,Chau N,Nadif R,Mur JM,Perrin PP

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, it has been proposed that a variety of environmental disruptors (EDs) disturb the neonatal development of the brain in mammals because of their lipophilic characteristics. Therefore, the synergism of these lipophilic compounds is important when evaluating the risk from EDs. In mouse cerebellar granule cells ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Imamura L,Kurashina K,Kawahira T,Omoteno M,Tsuda M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The herbicide cycloate (carbamothioic acid, ethyl(cyclohexyl)-S-ethyl ester) given as a single oral dose to rats, caused selective neuronal cell death in two regions in the rat forebrain, the pyramidal neurons of layers II-III throughout the pyriform cortex and in granule cells of the caudal ventro-lateral dentate gyr...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Simpson MG,Horner SA,Mistry P,Duffel S,Widdowson PS,Scanlon Y,Lock EA

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cisplatin activates multiple signal transduction pathways associated with cell survival and apoptosis in various cell types. The present study was undertaken to determine the role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, in cisplatin-induced apopt...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Choi BK,Choi CH,Oh HL,Kim YK

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that L-2-chloropropionic acid (L-CPA) produces necrosis to cerebellar granule cells with some associated Purkinje cell damage in the rat. We have re-evaluated the neuropathology using the original sections and fresh sections from archived brain material from rats treated with L-CPA at diffe...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Duffell S,Lock EA

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of most famous compounds of green tea. EGCG suppresses apoptosis induced by oxidative radical stress through several mechanisms. This study was designed to investigate whether EGCG plays a cytoprotective role by activating phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt-dependent anti-a...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Koh SH,Kim SH,Kwon H,Kim JG,Kim JH,Yang KH,Kim J,Kim SU,Yu HJ,Do BR,Kim KS,Jung HK

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene expression profiles in several brain regions of adult male rats were evaluated following a d-amphetamine (AMPH) exposure paradigm previously established to produce AMPH neurotoxicity. Escalating doses of AMPH (5-30 mg/kg) were given over the course of 16 h per day in an 18 degrees C environment for 2 days. This p...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Bowyer JF,Harris AJ,Delongchamp RR,Jakab RL,Miller DB,Little AR,O'Callaghan JP

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a contaminant of acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein. Several reports have suggested that chronic exposure to 3-MCPD could produce neurotoxicity in vitro or neurobehavioral effects in experimental animals. The present study further explored the in vitro neurotoxic effects of 0.1-...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Kim K,Song C,Park Y,Koh S,Kim J,Kim S,Kim Y,Kim SU,Jung H

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In children treated for hematological malignancies, a transient elevation of the neurodegenerative marker Tau was found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the first part of this study, CSF-Tau, CSF-Phospho-Tau, and CSF-Neuromodulin (CSF-NM) were measured in a heterogeneous group of patients presenting in t...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Van Gool SW,De Meyer G,Van de Voorde A,Vanmechelen E,Vanderstichele H

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoamine oxidase (MAO) isoenzymes play a major role in regulating the concentration of several bioactive amines, including serotonin and catecholamines. Both in the nervous system and in peripheral organs, MAOs can potentially modulate all the processes involving these bioactive amines. In the present article, we rev...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Nicotra A,Pierucci F,Parvez H,Senatori O

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many inhibitors of monoamine oxidase, particularly those developed during the past three decades, are often referred to as being "selective" for one or other isoform of the enzyme. However true this may be, selectivity within the EC 1.4.3.4 family does not preclude the possibility of interactions of these drugs with o...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Holt A,Berry MD,Boulton AA

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recently published crystal structure of monoamine oxidase (MAO) B was a major breakthrough for structural and functional understanding of flavin containing amine oxidases: it opens a new era of research and provides new opportunities to those interested in the biochemistry and pharmacology of those important drug ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Léonard N,Lambert C,Depiereux E,Wouters J

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been associated with cognitive deficits in humans and laboratory animals. Previous work has demonstrated a reduced capacity to support long-term potentiation (LTP) in animals exposed to a PCB mixture, Aroclor 1254 (A1254) via the dam in utero and throughou...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Gilbert ME

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigates the effects of 1-bromopropane (1BP) on animal behavior to determine the extent of toxicity to the central nervous system (CNS). We measured the spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) of rats before and after 3 weeks of exposure to 1BP for 8 h per day. In control and 10 ppm groups, the SLA ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Honma T,Suda M,Miyagawa M

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated neurobehavioral impairment related to manganese (Mn) exposure in the workplace. Exposure to high doses of manganese is associated with irreversible neurodegenerative disorders resembling idiopathic Parkinson disease. Although there is a risk of Mn accumulation in the foetus during pre...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Takser L,Mergler D,Hellier G,Sahuquillo J,Huel G

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injury to the brain usually manifests not in a diffuse uniform manner but rather with selective sites of damage indicative of differential vulnerability. This question of neuronal susceptibility has been one of major interest both in disease processes as well as damage induced by environmental factors. For experimenta...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Harry GJ,Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a class of widely used flame retardants, are becoming widespread environmental pollutants, as indicated by studies on sentinel animal species, as well as humans. Of particular concern are the reported increasingly high levels of PBDEs in human milk, as should be given that almos...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Branchi I,Capone F,Alleva E,Costa LG

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper deals with the assumption that young adults with self-reported multiple chemical sensitivity (sMCS) show a heightened sensitivity of autonomic functions during experimental solvent exposure. Male sMCS-subjects were selected (out of n=274) on the base of a German questionnaire on chemical and environmental s...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Haumann K,Kiesswetter E,van Thriel C,Blaszkewicz M,Golka K,Seeber A

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long term or chronic exposure to lead is associated with cognitive and other deficits in humans, which may reflect lead-induced changes in synaptic development and function. We believe that Drosophila has great potential as a model system for studying such changes. To test this, we compared the structure of single, id...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Morley EJ,Hirsch HV,Hollocher K,Lnenicka GA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether the regional brain biogenic amine levels in adult rats were altered by pre- and post-natal exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Pregnant rats were daily orally exposed to 70 mg/kg per day of 2,4-D from gestation day (GD) 16 to post-partum day (PPD) 23. ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Bortolozzi A,Duffard R,de Duffard AM

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic C6-10 solvents on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures. ROS formation was assessed by monitoring oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) to the fluorescent compound 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF). ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Dreiem A,Myhre O,Fonnum F

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is believed to play a key role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. An important biochemical feature of PD is a significant early depletion in levels of the thiol antioxidant compound glutathione (GSH) which may lead to the gene...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Bharat S,Cochran BC,Hsu M,Liu J,Ames BN,Andersen JK

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of nicotinic agonists for therapy in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease is an area currently receiving considerable attention. The rationale for such work stems from findings that reveal a loss of nicotinic receptors in Parkinson's disease brains. These results, coupled with report...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Quik M,Kulak JM

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior studies demonstrate a critical role for mesolimbic dopamine systems, particularly nucleus accumbens, in the mediation of fixed interval (FI) schedule-controlled behavior and an enhancement of nucleus accumbens dopamine activity as a mechanism of chronic postweaning lead (Pb)-induced increases in Fl response rate...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Cory-Slechta DA,Brockel BJ,O'Mara DJ

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese-deficient individuals have decreased manganese elimination. This observation has prompted suggestions that relative manganese deficiency may increase the risk for manganese neurotoxicity following inhalation exposure. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary manganese intake influences th...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Dorman DC,Struve MF,Wong BA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to soman, a toxic organophosphate nerve agent, causes severe adverse effects and long term changes in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of prophylactic treatments to block the deleterious effects associated with soman poisoning. scopolamine, a class...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Raveh L,Weissman BA,Cohen G,Alkalay D,Rabinovitz I,Sonego H,Brandeis R

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid-beta, (Abeta) is a cytotoxic peptide implicated in the pathology of Alzheimers disease. The antioxidant enzyme catalase has been suggested to protect against Abeta cytotoxicity in both neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. Inhibition of endogenous catalase using 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3AT) in neuronal (NT-2) ...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Milton NG

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells and their interactions with neurons play vital roles during the ontogeny of the nervous system and in the adult brain. Alcohol intake during pregnancy can cause mental retardation and neurobehavioral disorders as well as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that in uter...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Guerri C,Pascual M,Renau-Piqueras J

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury (Hg) is considered one of the worlds most toxic metals. Current thinking suggests that exposure to mercury occurs primarily from seafood contamination and rare catastrophic events. Recently, another common source of exposure has been identified. Thimerosal (TMS), a preservative found in many infant vaccines, c...

journal_title：Neurotoxicology

authors： Redwood L,Bernard S,Brown D

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00